EDITORIAL
The Accra Convention on Negotiable Cargo Documents: Extending negotiability beyond the bill of lading
ABHINAYAN BASU BAL

ANALYSIS OF RECENT CASES AND CONTEMPORARY DEVELOPMENTS

Incompetence and passage planning in The Happy Aras Inference, adverse inference, common sense and the ‘CMA CGM Libra paradox’ – a critical analysis
KONSTANTINOS BACHXEVANIS
Unity Ship Group SA v Euroins Insurance JSC
(The Happy Aras)
[2026] EWHC 7 (Admlty)

ARTICLES
Autonomous ships, Remote Operation Center (ROC) and the ROC-flag dilemma under international law: Exploring the why, what and if of a ROC-flag agreement
IVA PARLOV
Associate Professor of Law, Department of Law and Governance, BI Norwegian Business School, Oslo, Norway

This article discusses the desirability of a ROC-flag agreement if MASS is controlled by a ROC outside flag state territory thereby jeopardising the state’s obligations under UNCLOS. 

The IMO MEPC 83 net-zero frameworkand its implications for time charterparties: contractual allocation of compliance obligations and costs under English law
LUCIA DIAZ-CAMESELLE
Legal Advisor at MarinnLeg Innovation Center for Maritime and Fisheries Legal Studies

This article examines the implications for time charterparties under English law, focusing on the allocation of compliance and costs between owners and charterers and the necessity for tailored emissions clauses to ensure legal certainty and equitable risk distribution in a decarbonising maritime industry.

The history and application of the warranties of seaworthiness in American marine insurance policies and litigation
STEVEN E. GOLDMAN
MICHAEL I. GOLDMAN
The Goldman Maritime Law Group

The marine insurance market depends on the consistent enforcement of a high standard of seaworthiness; the authors set out here the obligations that need to be met by insurers and vessel owners and examines how they may enforce their rights in litigation. 

NATIONAL AND REGIONAL REPORTS

Recent legislative developments in Sweden and implications for maritime preparedness
ABHINAYAN BASU BAL
SOPHIE STRÖM
University of Gothenburg

Sweden’s dependence on seaborne trade, combined with a long-term decline in Swedish-flagged tonnage, has brought about renewed scrutiny of the legal framework governing maritime transport in times of war and severe crisis. Recent legislative and policy developments, entering into force in 2026, are examined here by the authors. 

RAM SINGH
Indian Institute of Foreign Trade

BOOK REVIEW
Ship Sale and Purchase 7th edn
Matt Hannaford, Paul Turner and Iain Goldrein KC (Emeritus Editor)

Index of cases

Index of legislation

Index